Further investigation (putting my fingers inside the hole - I hasten to add without the engine running) found the culprit:
The one on the right is a 6mm hex key, mounted in a 3/8" drive socket (although it was in 2 pieces when I fished it out). The one on the left is a different one from the same set for comparison. Some idiot* must have dropped it inside the bellhousing whilst working on the starter motor. Since my, I mean, the idiot's work on the starter, the Pinz has done about 1500 miles so apart from the bellhousing, it doesn't seem like there is a huge amount of damage.
A back of the envelope calculation shows that the outer rim of the flywheel at 4,000rpm is about 150mph so you can understand the impact.
Since starting the procedure to remove the gearbox, I've noticed another crack around the top fixing bolt - if this gets much worse there won't be a lot supporting the gearbox (which has a bit of a leak from the rear so could do with coming out anyway and it doesn't look like that bad a job). Looking for a replacement bellhousing...
* me